From Refugee to Green Card: A Step-by-Step Guide to Adjustment of Status (Form I-485)
Arriving in the United States as a refugee is a life-changing moment. After starting to rebuild your life here, the next important step is applying for permanent residence, also known as a green card. Refugees are eligible to apply for adjustment of status through Form I-485, which allows you to live and work permanently in the U.S. and eventually apply for citizenship.
At New Horizons Legal, we know this process can feel overwhelming. Here is a clear, step-by-step guide designed to help you and your family move forward with confidence.
Step 1: Know the Basics
If you were admitted to the U.S. as a refugee, you are expected to apply for permanent residence after living here for one year. This requirement exists so refugees can have a stable and permanent status, but the process is also a benefit—green card holders have more security, more opportunities, and a pathway to citizenship.
Step 2: Prepare Your Documents Early
Start gathering the documents you’ll need well before you file. These usually include:
Your Form I-94 Arrival/Departure Record
Proof that you have been living in the U.S. since your arrival (school records, medical records, work records, leases, bills, or letters from community organizations)
Passport-style photographs
A medical exam report (Form I-693) if USCIS requests one
Any refugee travel documents or notices you have received
Step 3: Filing Form I-485
Form I-485, Application to Register Permanent Residence or Adjust Status, is detailed but manageable. Refugees do not have to pay a filing fee, which makes this process more accessible than other immigration applications. Complete the form carefully, answer every question honestly, and write “N/A” when a section does not apply.
Step 4: Biometrics Appointment
After your application is received, USCIS will send you a notice for a biometrics appointment. This is where your fingerprints and photograph are taken for security checks. It is a routine step for everyone applying for permanent residence.
Step 5: The Decision
In many refugee cases, USCIS approves adjustment of status without an interview. Sometimes, however, an interview is required. Processing times vary, but once approved, you will receive your green card in the mail. This card gives you proof of your permanent resident status and allows you to live and work freely in the U.S.
Step 6: Looking Ahead
With your green card, you gain more security for yourself and your family. You may petition to bring certain relatives to the U.S., travel more easily with proper documentation, and after five years as a permanent resident, apply for U.S. citizenship if you choose.
Common Mistakes to Avoid
Submitting an incomplete application
Forgetting to sign the form before mailing it
Not keeping copies of everything you submit
Failing to update USCIS if you change your address
How New Horizons Legal Can Help
At New Horizons Legal, we work with refugees and their families every day. We understand the unique challenges you face and provide support at every stage of the adjustment process. From checking your paperwork to preparing additional evidence or representing you in case of delays, we are here to protect your rights and make the process less stressful.
Conclusion
For refugees, applying for permanent residence is more than paperwork—it’s about stability, opportunity, and building a future. With preparation and the right support, you can take this step with confidence. If you need guidance, New Horizons Legal is here to walk with you and your family toward a brighter tomorrow.
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